慎防陽光中的三大皮膚殺手:UVA、UVB、紅外線!

UVA、UVB和UVC,這些簡寫對我們來說並不陌生,但我們未必了解所有防曬知識。現在讓我們解釋為何陽光不是您最好的朋友。
太陽光譜由電磁波組成,這些電磁波會穿透皮膚,為身體帶來益處,但同時會對身體產生有害的影響。我們持續處於不同波長的紫外線、紅外線等射線環境之下。當中紫外線來自陽光,並有以下三類,分別是UVA、UVB和較少人認識的UVC。無論任何天氣,大氣中的紫外線都無處不在。紫外線在中午至下午4時最為強烈,因此請盡量避免皮膚受到陽光直射,或使用合適的防曬產品來保護曝露在外的皮膚。UVC對皮膚的危害最大,但波長最短。由於有大氣層過濾以及臭氧層阻擋,UVC才無法到達地面。
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肌膚的頭號敵人:UVA

UVA波長較長,有95%的UVA輻射會到達地面。UVA全年都存在,即使在陰天,UVA亦會穿透雲層、玻璃和表皮。即使UVA不會帶來疼痛感,但能夠穿透皮膚,深入真皮細胞內部,會損壞細胞的DNA,引起曬傷、發炎、過敏和色素問題。UVA也是導致皮膚老化的元兇,它會削弱膠原蛋白網絡,令肌膚變得鬆弛,不再緊緻,更會產生皺紋。  
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肌膚曬黑的元兇:UVB

UVB波長中等,不能穿透皮膚表層。其強度在一天中變化不定,中午時最強,就算有雲層遮擋時亦然。UVB可影響肌膚表皮,刺激黑色素生成,令膚色變黑,從而保護肌膚免受陽光傷害。在48小時內,肌膚便會呈現持久的小麥色。同時,UVB亦會導致曬傷、過敏反應,甚至是皮膚癌的成因。
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